The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Okeke John Joseph; Ijuh Innocent; Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel; Arazu Vivian Nneka

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Okeke John Joseph, Ijuh Innocent, Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel, Arazu Vivian Nneka

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 10 June 2014 Accepted: 17 June 2014 Published: 30 June 2014

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Abstract

The efficacy of utilization of dried Leucena leucocephala leaves as a replacement of fish meal ingredient in the diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 19.00 + 2.00g and mean length of 14.00 + 0.50cm was evaluated for a period of 60days. The experimental diets contained Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) at levels of 0% (diet 1), 20% (Diet2), 40% (Diet3) and 60% (Diet4) of the total dietary protein respectively. A total of 80 fingerlings were introduced into 8 aquaria of volume 40litres, each randomly assigned to the four diets (0%, 20%, 40% and 60% LLM inclusion). Each LLM inclusion and the control had 2 replicates with 10 fingerlings in each aquarium. The following growth indices were monitored; Mean Weight Gain (WG) Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Mortality Rate (MOR). The overall result of the different growth parameters were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish fed with 20% LLM inclusion (Diet2) meal had the best growth performance of 42.85% and a specific growth rate of 0.25 than others. Thus the inclusion of 20% Leucenea leucocephala leaf meal in the diet of cat-fish would improve their growth and reduce the cost of production by fish farmers and if well utilized will cut down importation of fish meal in the country.

Published in	American Journal of BioScience (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
Page(s)	111-114
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead Plant, Growth, Feed Utilization

References

[1]	Atawodi: S.E. Mari, D., Atawodi, J.C. and Yahaya, Y.(2008). Assessement of Leucasana leucoce-phala Leave as feed supplement in laying hens. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.7 (3) PP. 317-321
[2]	Boyd, C.E., (1979). Water quality in warn water fish ponds Auburn University Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama.
[3]	Edwards, P. (1997) sustainable food production through Aquaculture. Aquaculture Asia 2 (1):4-7
[4]	FAO, (1996), World Food Summit Plan of Action. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Ita-ly.
[5]	Mazik, P.M., M.L. Hinman, D.A. Winkleman, S.J. Kleine, B.A.Simco.(1991). Influence of nitrate and chloride concentration on survival and hematological profile of striped bass transac-tions of the American Fisheries society, 120:247-254.
[6]	Pruszynski, T.(2003). Effect of feed-ing on ammonium excretion and growth of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fry. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 48 (3): 106-112.
[7]	Rad, F., Kurt, G.I., and Bozaoulu, A.S (2003) Effect of spatially localized and dispersed pattern of feed distribution on the growth, size dispersion and feed con-version ratio of the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Turk J Vet Anim Sci 28, 851-856.

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APA Style

Okeke John Joseph, Ijuh Innocent, Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel, Arazu Vivian Nneka. (2014). The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). American Journal of BioScience, 2(4), 111-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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ACS Style

Okeke John Joseph; Ijuh Innocent; Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel; Arazu Vivian Nneka. The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Am. J. BioScience 2014, 2(4), 111-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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AMA Style

Okeke John Joseph, Ijuh Innocent, Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel, Arazu Vivian Nneka. The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Am J BioScience. 2014;2(4):111-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11,
  author = {Okeke John Joseph and Ijuh Innocent and Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel and Arazu Vivian Nneka},
  title = {The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {111-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  abstract = {The efficacy of utilization of dried Leucena leucocephala leaves as a replacement of fish meal ingredient in the diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 19.00 + 2.00g and mean length of 14.00 + 0.50cm was evaluated for a period of 60days. The experimental diets contained Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) at levels of 0% (diet 1), 20% (Diet2), 40% (Diet3) and 60% (Diet4) of the total dietary protein respectively. A total of 80 fingerlings were introduced into 8 aquaria of volume 40litres, each randomly assigned to the four diets (0%, 20%, 40% and 60% LLM inclusion). Each LLM inclusion and the control had 2 replicates with 10 fingerlings in each aquarium. The following growth indices were monitored; Mean Weight Gain (WG) Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Mortality Rate (MOR). The overall result of the different growth parameters were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish fed with 20% LLM inclusion (Diet2) meal had the best growth performance of 42.85% and a specific growth rate of 0.25 than others. Thus the inclusion of 20% Leucenea leucocephala leaf meal in the diet of cat-fish would improve their growth and reduce the cost of production by fish farmers and if well utilized will cut down importation of fish meal in the country.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
AU  - Okeke John Joseph
AU  - Ijuh Innocent
AU  - Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel
AU  - Arazu Vivian Nneka
Y1  - 2014/06/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 111
EP  - 114
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
AB  - The efficacy of utilization of dried Leucena leucocephala leaves as a replacement of fish meal ingredient in the diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 19.00 + 2.00g and mean length of 14.00 + 0.50cm was evaluated for a period of 60days. The experimental diets contained Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) at levels of 0% (diet 1), 20% (Diet2), 40% (Diet3) and 60% (Diet4) of the total dietary protein respectively. A total of 80 fingerlings were introduced into 8 aquaria of volume 40litres, each randomly assigned to the four diets (0%, 20%, 40% and 60% LLM inclusion). Each LLM inclusion and the control had 2 replicates with 10 fingerlings in each aquarium. The following growth indices were monitored; Mean Weight Gain (WG) Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Mortality Rate (MOR). The overall result of the different growth parameters were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish fed with 20% LLM inclusion (Diet2) meal had the best growth performance of 42.85% and a specific growth rate of 0.25 than others. Thus the inclusion of 20% Leucenea leucocephala leaf meal in the diet of cat-fish would improve their growth and reduce the cost of production by fish farmers and if well utilized will cut down importation of fish meal in the country.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Okeke John Joseph

Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Ijuh Innocent

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel

Department of Animal Science and Environmental Biology, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti
Arazu Vivian Nneka

Department of Biological Science, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria

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APA Style

Okeke John Joseph, Ijuh Innocent, Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel, Arazu Vivian Nneka. (2014). The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). American Journal of BioScience, 2(4), 111-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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ACS Style

Okeke John Joseph; Ijuh Innocent; Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel; Arazu Vivian Nneka. The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Am. J. BioScience 2014, 2(4), 111-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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AMA Style

Okeke John Joseph, Ijuh Innocent, Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel, Arazu Vivian Nneka. The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Am J BioScience. 2014;2(4):111-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11,
  author = {Okeke John Joseph and Ijuh Innocent and Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel and Arazu Vivian Nneka},
  title = {The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {111-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20140204.11},
  abstract = {The efficacy of utilization of dried Leucena leucocephala leaves as a replacement of fish meal ingredient in the diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 19.00 + 2.00g and mean length of 14.00 + 0.50cm was evaluated for a period of 60days. The experimental diets contained Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) at levels of 0% (diet 1), 20% (Diet2), 40% (Diet3) and 60% (Diet4) of the total dietary protein respectively. A total of 80 fingerlings were introduced into 8 aquaria of volume 40litres, each randomly assigned to the four diets (0%, 20%, 40% and 60% LLM inclusion). Each LLM inclusion and the control had 2 replicates with 10 fingerlings in each aquarium. The following growth indices were monitored; Mean Weight Gain (WG) Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Mortality Rate (MOR). The overall result of the different growth parameters were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish fed with 20% LLM inclusion (Diet2) meal had the best growth performance of 42.85% and a specific growth rate of 0.25 than others. Thus the inclusion of 20% Leucenea leucocephala leaf meal in the diet of cat-fish would improve their growth and reduce the cost of production by fish farmers and if well utilized will cut down importation of fish meal in the country.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Leucena Leucocephala (Lead Plant) on the Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
AU  - Okeke John Joseph
AU  - Ijuh Innocent
AU  - Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel
AU  - Arazu Vivian Nneka
Y1  - 2014/06/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 111
EP  - 114
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20140204.11
AB  - The efficacy of utilization of dried Leucena leucocephala leaves as a replacement of fish meal ingredient in the diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 19.00 + 2.00g and mean length of 14.00 + 0.50cm was evaluated for a period of 60days. The experimental diets contained Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) at levels of 0% (diet 1), 20% (Diet2), 40% (Diet3) and 60% (Diet4) of the total dietary protein respectively. A total of 80 fingerlings were introduced into 8 aquaria of volume 40litres, each randomly assigned to the four diets (0%, 20%, 40% and 60% LLM inclusion). Each LLM inclusion and the control had 2 replicates with 10 fingerlings in each aquarium. The following growth indices were monitored; Mean Weight Gain (WG) Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Mortality Rate (MOR). The overall result of the different growth parameters were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish fed with 20% LLM inclusion (Diet2) meal had the best growth performance of 42.85% and a specific growth rate of 0.25 than others. Thus the inclusion of 20% Leucenea leucocephala leaf meal in the diet of cat-fish would improve their growth and reduce the cost of production by fish farmers and if well utilized will cut down importation of fish meal in the country.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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